Every year the World Asthma Day is observed by Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) to raise awareness about Asthma worldwide. World Asthma Day takes place on the first Tuesday of May and this year, it is on 5 May. In, 1998 the first World Asthma day was celebrated. The aim of World Asthma Day is to the aware public about Asthma and improving Asthma care globally. Each year a new theme is chosen by GINA, this year’s theme is “Enough Asthma Deaths”. This year GINA is not promoting World Asthma day due to COVID-19.

What is Asthma

Asthma is a common disease of the bronchi in which airways get inflamed, narrow, and swells and produce extra mucus which causes difficulty in breathing. During the Asthmatic attack, a person feels uneasy, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.  Asthmatic attacks are usually treated with inhalers and steroids.

There are many factors that cause Asthma. It can be genetic, environmental factors like house dust, air pollution, tobacco smoke, and even Urbanization can also be one of the factors.

Symptoms of asthma

1. Shortness of breath
2. Pain in chest
3. Coughing especially at night

Asthma is diagnosed with the help of clinical history and pulmonary function test-Spirometry (breathing tests). There is no promising cure for asthma, but it can be controlled with effective treatment and management. To manage Asthma take medicines as directed by a medical professional and learning to avoid triggers that cause asthma symptoms.

Preventive measures for asthma patients

1.Asthma action plan– Develop an action plan with your doctor. The plan should contain important information like how to handle asthma, medications, and how to control your asthma symptoms in the long run. Controlling your treatment can make you feel more in control of your condition.

2. Get vaccinated against flu- Get a vaccine to safeguard against the virus flu. People with asthma are more likely to possess complications from the flu, like pneumonia. So staying updated with all necessary vaccinations can prevent flu and chest infections that will trigger asthma rise.

3. Identify and avoid asthma triggers- If you have an allergy to any substance than be sure to minimize exposure to that substance. Several outdoor allergens and irritants such as cold air and air pollution can cause asthma attacks. Find out your asthma triggers, and take steps to avoid those triggers.

4. Keep Your Surroundings Allergy-Proof- Whether you are at home, work, or traveling, there are things you can do to make your environment free from allergens and lower your chances of an asthma attack. Do not eat in smoky restaurants, reserve a smoke-free hotel room and if possible take your own bedding.

5. Take your medications- asthma medications are prescribed to prevent asthma symptoms and attacks, you need to take them every day. They will reduce inflammation in your airways and keep your asthma under control.

6. Work out and dietary changes- Maintain a normal and healthy lifestyle, which must have physical activities and a healthy diet. Breathing exercises are always good for asthma patients. Have a balanced diet with vegetables and fruits that are rich in flavonoids and antioxidants, such as vitamins C, D, and E. Ask your doctor to advise you about an appropriate workout routine and diet plan that’s safe for you to follow and can keep you fit.

INFORMATION SOURCE: https://ginasthma.org/wad/